"La Mantovana" or "Il Ballo di Mantova" (Mantua Dance) is a popular sixteenth-century song attributed to the Italian tenor Giuseppe Cenci, also known as Giuseppino del Biado, (1550-1616) to the text "Fuggi, Fuggi, Fuggi da questo cielo".
Its earliest known appearance in print is in Biado's collection of madrigals of the year 1600.
It is in the Codex Barbera G.F. 83 page 153 with text beginning "Fuggi fuggi fuggi da questo cielo" (Attributed: Giuseppino [del Biado]) [in G]
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In 1645 the song was published as "La Mantovana" on page 122 of “Il Scolaro" by Gasparo Zanetti
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In 1644 the tune was published as "Ballo di Mantua" by Giovan Battista Ferrini (1601-1674).
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Biagio Marini (1594-1663) used the tune in his sonata a tre sopra "Fuggi dolente core" (Trio Sonata, op. 22: Sonata Sopra Fuggi) from "Diversi generi di sonate, da chiesa, e da camera" (published in 1655)
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John Playford (1623-1686) used the tune in "An Italian Rant".
This version first appears in Playford's 3rd edition of the English Dancing Master (1657)
SEE: An Italian Rant,1657
It appeared again in the 3rd edition of 1665.
SEE: An Italian Rant,1665
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The melody also gained a wide popularity in Renaissance Europe, being recorded variously as the Scottish "My mistress is prettie", the Flemish "Ik zag Cecilia komen", the Polish "Pod Krakowem", the Spanish "Virgen de la Cueva", the French "La Petite Rosalie", the German "Fuchs Du Hast Die Gans Gestohlen", the Romanian "Carul cu boi", the Bohemian "Kocka leze dirou" and the Ukrainian "Kateryna Kucheryava".
The tune was also used for the Israeli national anthem "Hatikvah".
The adaptation of the music for Hatikvah was set by Samuel Cohen in 1888.
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Samuel Cohen himself recalled many years later that he had hummed Hatikvah based on the melody from the song he had heard in Romania, "Carul cu boi" (The Ox-Driven Cart), which dates from 1822.
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"My Mistress Is Prettie" was published in Scotland around 1695-1701 in the Balcarres Lute Book
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"Ik Zag Cecilia Komen" was published in 1720 on page 24-25 in "Delfschen Helicon ofte grooten Hollandschen nachtegael"
Hier volgt Ceciliaes Feest ,, Met d'Herder Floriaen, Wiens Min is groot geweest ,, Als tuygt het groen Gebla'en.
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One year earlier, in 1719, "Lied van Cecilia" was published as song #13 on page 21 in Dordrechtse Helikon, Ofte De groote dubbelde Hollantsche Nachtegael
But "Cecilia" dates from much earlier: it is cited as the tune for "Den Lof Van Een Fray Meysken" (or "Het Alder-liefste Meysken, Dat Ick Zoo Vry En Vly"), from "Den Eerelycken Pluck-Voghel", published by Livinus van der Minnen in Brussels and Antwerp in 1669.
Here it is on page 214/215 of the 3th Edition published in 1677
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart used the tune for the 8th Variation of "Twelve Variations on "Ah vous dirai-je, Maman" (K 265), which he wrote in 1781 or 1782.
Camille Saint-Saëns quotes this tune in the 3rd Movement of "Rhapsodies sur des cantiques bretons, Op. 7", written in 1866.
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The tune is best known as the melody of Bedřich Smetana's "Vltava" (The Moldau") from his cycle celebrating Bohemia, Má vlast, which he wrote in 1874.
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In 1878 Tchaikovsky adapted the tune for the 2nd movement Canzonetta; Andante from "Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 35"
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The melody shows also similarities with the Dutch 16th century song "O Nederland Let Op U Saeck", a warning against the unreliability of the Spanish, published in 1626 in Valerius' Gedenck Clanck.
The Swedish traditional "Ack Värmeland, du sköna" (written in 1822) probably derives from this Dutch variation of the tune.
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Jazz musician Stan Getz toured in Sweden in 1951 and recorded "Ack Värmeland Du Skona" for the Swedish Metronome-label.
In the same year he also published an English-language version of Ack Värmeland, retitled "Dear Old Stockholm".
"Dear Old Stockholm" has since been recorded by several artists and established itself as a classic within the jazz.
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